Which term refers to punishment after a crime is committed to discourage future offenses?

• A. Retribution
• B. Deterrence
• C. Rehabilitation
• D. Restitution

Answer: (B)

Deterrence is punishment aimed at preventing future crime by making the costs of offending clear. It can work on the individual (specific deterrence) or society at large (general deterrence) to discourage future offenses. In this scenario, the emphasis is on using punishment after the act to deter future crimes, which fits deterrence best. The other terms describe different aims: retribution focuses on punishment deserved for the wrongdoing, rehabilitation aims to reform the offender, and restitution seeks compensation for the victim.